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"Surveiller et Punir: Naissance de la prison" (Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison) is a seminal work by French philosopher Michel Foucault, published in 1975. The book is a critical analysis of the penal system and the concept of discipline in modern society. Foucault examines the evolution of penal practices from the 18th century, arguing that the shift from corporal punishment to more subtle, disciplinary mechanisms has had profound implications for modern society.

Foucault's work challenges readers to think critically about power, knowledge, and the ways in which societies exert control over individuals. "Surveiller et Punir" is not only a critique of the prison system but also an exploration of how disciplinary power has become a central mechanism of social control.

Panoptic Power and the Birth of the Disciplinary Society: A Critical Analysis of Michel Foucault’s Surveiller et Punir (1975)

According to Foucault, disciplinary power relies on three primary techniques: