Ssc Biology Chapter 2 Hand Note Exclusive Official

Your exclusive notes must explain this final subsection clearly.

Biology is a visual and conceptual subject. Rote memorization from a plain textbook fails because:

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Question: "Why is the cell called the functional unit?"
Answer: Because all functions (respiration, nutrition, excretion) occur inside the cell. Your exclusive notes must explain this final subsection

| Feature | Prokaryotic | Eukaryotic | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Nucleus | No true nucleus (Nucleoid) | True nucleus with membrane | | Organelles | Only ribosomes | All organelles (Mitochondria, ER, etc.) | | Size | 1-10 µm | 10-100 µm | | Example | Bacteria, Cyanobacteria | Plants, Animals, Fungi |

| Feature | Animal Cell | Plant Cell | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Cell Wall | Absent | Present (Cellulose) | | Plastids | Absent | Present (Chloroplast, Leucoplast, Chromoplast) | | Vacuole | Small & temporary | Large & permanent (central vacuole) | | Centriole | Present (in animal cells only) | Absent | | Shape | Irregular / Round | Fixed / Rectangular | | Nucleus | Usually center | Pushed to side by vacuole | | Storage | Glycogen | Starch | Function: "Control Center of the cell" – controls