Shams al-Ma'arif al-Kubra (The Sun of Great Knowledge) is widely considered the most famous, or perhaps infamous, manual of Islamic occultism, magic, and esoteric lore. Written in the 13th century (specifically around 1200 AD) by the Sufi mystic Ahmad al-Buni, this sprawling work stands at the crossroads of theology, mysticism, and the magical arts.
While often referred to simply as "The Sun of Knowledge," the full title implies a comprehensive guide to the hidden sciences (ulum al-ghayb). For centuries, it has captivated scholars, occultists, and the curious, serving as a primary source for the study of "lettrism" (simiya)—the belief that the letters of the Arabic alphabet hold divine, creative power. shams al-ma-arif the sun of knowledge pdf
The title is symbolic. Just as the sun illuminates the physical world, the Shams claims to illuminate the hidden world of Jafr (Islamic divination) and spiritual hierarchies. It contains: Shams al-Ma'arif al-Kubra (The Sun of Great Knowledge)
Perhaps the most controversial sections involve the summoning of Ruhaniyat (spiritual entities) and Muwakkils (guardian spirits). Al-Buni describes rituals involving animal sacrifice (usually roosters or doves), specific incenses (frankincense, myrrh, or benzoin), and the drawing of circles. He warns the reader repeatedly: Do not use these for evil, or the spirit will turn on you. For centuries, it has captivated scholars, occultists, and