Microbiology Pdf Notes 100%

  • Mutation & Repair mechanisms.

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    Title: Outer Membrane of Gram-Negative Bacteria Key concept: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) = Endotoxin. Mutation & Repair mechanisms

  • Porins: Proteins that act as channels for small molecules.
  • Periplasmic space: Contains hydrolytic enzymes and binding proteins.
  • Clinical relevance: Because of the outer membrane, Gram-negative bacteria are often resistant to penicillin and lysozyme. They are sensitive to aminoglycosides and tetracycline.

    • Mnemonic: "LPS = Lethal Poison System"