Look at the last letter of the Arabic word. Is it Dhommah (Rafa'), Fathah (Nashab), or Kasrah (Jar)? The makna usually codes this with small letters (ع , ف , ل).
Universities like UIN Sunan Kalijaga or UIN Malang often have digital research libraries that include scanned copies of classical texts for public use. kitab usfuriyah makna pesantren pdf free
Let us break down the title.
Thus, Kitab Usfuriyah translates to "The Book of Birds." However, this is not a textbook on ornithology. The title is allegorical. The book was written by the renowned Sufi master Syekh Ibrahim bin Muhammad al-Baijuri (also known as Al-Baijuri), a 19th-century scholar from Al-Azhar, Egypt. Look at the last letter of the Arabic word
The central metaphor of the book is the soul. Just as a bird is trapped in a cage but yearns to fly to the highest branches, the human soul is trapped in the physical body and the material world (Dunya). The "cage" is the ego (Nafs), and the "flight" is the journey toward Allah. Thus, Kitab Usfuriyah translates to "The Book of Birds