This is the most critical part of the review. The ASDM Launcher has a notorious reputation for installation difficulties, primarily revolving around Java.
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Fix: Connect via HTTP (not HTTPS) if on a trusted LAN, or upload a valid self-signed cert: This is the most critical part of the review
crypto ca trustpoint asdm
enrollment self
subject-name CN=192.168.1.1
keypair asdmkey
crypto ca enroll asdm
Get the ASDM image onto the ASA
Enable HTTP access for ASDM
Download and run the ASDM launcher
Troubleshooting tips