Gestalt Test Cards.pdf - Bender
The Bender-Gestalt Test uses nine figures, presented sequentially. Each figure has specific diagnostic properties:
Trained clinicians score reproductions using systems like the Koppitz Developmental Scoring System or the Lacks Scoring System. Errors fall into six classic categories: Bender Gestalt Test Cards.pdf
| Error Category | Description | Example from Cards | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Rotation | Turning a figure or part of it more than 45 degrees | Turning the diagonal line on Card A (making it horizontal) | | Overlap Difficulty | Failure to correctly intersect or join overlapping parts | Separating the two overlapping diamonds on Card 2 | | Simplification | Omitting complex elements or replacing them with simpler forms | Drawing a straight line instead of the sine wave on Card 4 | | Fragmentation | Breaking a figure into separate, unconnected parts | Dots on Card 3 not connected to the curved line | | Perseveration | Repeating a figure or element beyond what is required | Drawing more than three columns of dots on Card 3 | | Motor Impairment | Tremor, line gaps, or jaggedness | Uncontrollable wavy lines on Card 6 | (Note: In the widely used Koppitz Developmental Scoring
While different scoring manuals may number them differently, the standard figures generally follow this progression: The Bender-Gestalt Test uses nine figures
(Note: In the widely used Koppitz Developmental Scoring System, the designs are numbered 1 through 8, omitting some of the original Bender figures to streamline the assessment for children.)